Nauka i tehnologija

[grujicd]

Nisu kompjuteri više toliko deterministički kao pre, da im se samo napiše algoritam koji oni izvršavaju. U zadnje vreme je popularan Machine Learning, gde se kompjuter "nahrani" što većom količinom podataka a onda on počne da prepoznaje neke obrasce. Tako se dobije sistem koji može da radi i nešto što nije algoritamski definisano, na primer da prepoznaje šta je na slici. Tu više nismo 100% sigurni kako i zašto taj program radi, samo znamo da radi sa određenom verovatnoćom.

[maxer]

ljubo,

Da, izvor energije za autonomne mašine jeste glavni problem i dok se on ne reši - ovakvih robota će biti samo ako mogu biti u blizini "izvora napajanja" (da li će biti pupčano vezani za njega ili bežično ... to je već nebitno).

Sležem se sa onim ostalim što si napisao. Namerno nisam hteo da pominjem neke nove mašine ili računare koji skoro pa da sami nešto odlučuju-rade, jer su to još uvek izuzeci.
Skoro je bilo rečeno da je jedan računarski program za lečenje, sam pravilno utvrdio vrlo retku bolest kod pacijentice (iz Japana, čini mi se, mda je program Američki) i pravilno odredio terapiju. U suštini je to uradio samo na osnovu (ukrštenog) procesiranja ogromne baze znanja, koju ni jedan čovek ne može "imati u svojoj glavi", i zahvaljujući dobrim algoritmima (ali algoritam nije kognitivni akt), tačno okončao svoj zadatak.
Hoću da apostrofiram upravo to: kod čoveka iskustveno znanje rađa "odluku" iza koje stoji tolika "procesorska snaga" mozga, kojoj sadašnji procesori ne mogu ni da priđu (bez obzira na super-kompjutere) tj. predpostavljeni broj neurona i njihovih veza dovoljno govori o tome. Naravno, "svest" je za sada van poimanja naučnika tj. ne zna se šta je i kako nastaje, ali svi znamo da se lagano i ta misterija sve dublje poima.
Slažem se da određene moderne kibernetske metode mogu prilično "imitirati" kognitivni akt, i polako se to sve više usavršava a sa rastom CPU performansi, to će biti sve češća pojava i među običnijim uređajima.
Šteta samo što je vojna primena ovakve tehnologije, primarna i vodeća, a takve stvari mogu dovesti do uništenja civilizacije u novom svetskom ratu.


grujicd,
Da, neuro kompjuteri bi tu tek trebali da naprave proboj. U suštini je "teorija haosa" i pronalaženje kauzalnih veza unutar istog, nešto što me u matematici najviše impresionira. Mislim da će tu možda biti inicijalna iskra za stvaranje i razumevanje prve veštačke svesti.

[Geza]

Scientists use old Nokia camera to sequence genes, analyze cancer mutations
http://us.pressfrom.com/news/science-an ... mutations/

http://nokiamob.net/2017/01/18/swedish- ... -analysis/

[maxer]

http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/siberia-permaf ... ic-1612581

Metanski mehur koji je nadigao zemlju, i neizbežno će u jednom trenutku da pukne:




krateri koji su već eksplodirali:




There are over 7,000 gas-filled bubbles in remote parts of Siberia that are set to explode, scientists have discovered. Following extensive field expeditions and satellite surveys, researchers in Russia have identified thousands of bulging bumps in the Yamal and Gydan peninsulas – far more than they had expected.

Alexey Titovsky, director of Yamal department for science and innovation, told the Siberian Times that understanding the bubbles is of paramount important to assessing the risk they pose.

In July last year, scientists released footage of the ground on Bely Island wobbling underfoot. When they punctured them, methane and carbon dioxide was released. It is thought an abnormally warm summer had caused the permafrost to thaw, leading to the release of methane that had been locked up in the ground. At present, it is thought this process is behind the emergence of the numerous craters that have appeared over recent years – including the 'gateway to the underworld' crater near Batagaiin.

Titovsky said the 7,000 bulging bumps identified could also collapse into craters: "At first such a bump is a bubble, or 'bulgunyakh' in the local Yakut language. With time the bubble explodes, releasing gas. This is how gigantic funnels form.

"We need to know which bumps are dangerous and which are not. Scientists are working on detecting and structuring signs of potential threat, like the maximum height of a bump and pressure that the earth can withstand."

The team plans to continue throughout the year to chart and map all of the underground bubbles in Yamal.

Thawing permafrost as a result of global warming is expected to lead to more methane release in the future, a spokesman from the Ural branch of Russian Academy of Science said. "An abnormally warm summer in 2016 on the Yamal peninsula must have added to the process," they added.

On Bely Island, scientists found methane was 1,000 times above normal, while CO2 was around 25 times higher. "As we took off a layer of grass and soil, a fountain of gas erupted," one of the scientists working at the site explained.

The release of methane from the thawing permafrost is of huge concern to climate scientists. Max Holmes, the deputy director and senior scientist at the Woods Hole Research Centre, told IBTimes UK it could lead to the collapse of human infrastructures, like roads and towns, as well as creating a feedback cycle that results in even more warming.

"That is a self-reinforcing cycle with greenhouse gasses released as permafrost thaws, which causes warming," he said. "This results in more permafrost thaw and causes more warming and on and on. That is something we worry a lot about. Once this cycle gets going it is hard to stop.

"How do we stop it? We control what we can control. Permafrost thaw is driven fundamentally by global warming, which is amplified in the Arctic. How do you control global warming? You control the emissions that are directly under your control – fossil fuel combustion and deforestation."

[McGruja]

Kad zemlja prdne

[Velja]

M.m, ne daj se...

[methane.master]

^ Kad ja grunem i vatru sunem

Sent from mTalk

[maxer]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqLlgIaz1L0

[Scuderia]

https://www.facebook.com/ScienceNatureP ... 753407849/

[Scuderia]

Vise medicina, ali sve je to nauka

UPOZORENJE - stranica koju cu postaviti definitivno nije za svaciji stomak, tako da ko je gadljiv na hirurgiju bolje da ni ne otvara.

https://www.instagram.com/medicaltalks/?hl=en

Opis za sliku ispod

Oh that's just an artificial ear grown on a forearm! Chinese doctors grew the man a new ear on his forearm after his organ was badly damaged in a traffic accident. The patient sustained serious injuries in the right side of his face in a traffic accident about a year ago. His right ear was torn from his face. He has since received multiple surgical operations to restore his facial skin and his cheeks. However, it was impossible to restore his ear through conventional medical procedures, so the leading plastic surgeon decided to implant an artificial ear on his arm, done in November 2015. The realistic ear, which was modelled with the help of 3D-printing technology, was made with cartilage from the patient’s ribs. It was then attached to his forearm under a piece of expanded skin. There it was allowed to grow for several months until experts deemed it ready for the transplant to his head, which was successfully achieved this week.

https://www.instagram.com/p/BSeoybIhYp8 ... alks&hl=en

[shandu90]

Ja sam citao (negde) da se za transplataciju sa ledja koza koristi jer je deblja i brze zarasta (valjda). Mogu misliti kakva koncentracija treba za ovakve stvari i koliko dugo to traje. Nije ni to za svakog.

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[nidza]

Kako god, genijalno. Pitanje trenutka kad će off line da uzgajaju rezervne delove za ljude.

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[methane.master]

Već uzgajaju.

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[maxer]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Oh9_BlMP2Y

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0yeD8PjaWO4

[snork]

Od kada je onaj Kinez odneo hard disk pun podataka iz NASA-e, glavni razvoj svemirskih tehnologija je prebačen na US Air Force. Bojim se da ima još jedan razlog, a to je da ove letelice razvijaju pre svega kao platformu za nošenje oružja.

Inače, zanimljivo poređenje dosadašnjih letelica za višestruku upotrebu (izvor: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37):



Komentar koji se nalazi ispod slike: At the time of its maiden launch, the X-37 (far right) was the smallest and lightest orbital spaceplane yet flown. Both the North American X-15 and SpaceShipOne were suborbital. Of the spaceplanes shown, only the X-37 and Buran conducted unmanned spaceflights.