Sta Alpi, u Holandiji nocas zabelezen prvi mraz: -0,3C
https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/13-9-2 ... a-de-zomer
Klimatske promene i buducnost...
Re: Klimatske promene i buducnost...
Najgore je svađati se sa budalom. Prvo te spusti na svoj nivo, a onda te dotuče iskustvom...
Re: Klimatske promene i buducnost...
Clouds Of Interstellar Gas Might Have Changed Our Planet 7 Million Years Ago
Close encounters of the hydrogen kind might have messed with the ozone layer and the atmosphere.
https://www.iflscience.com/clouds-of-in ... -ago-76113
The Solar System is not stuck in place. It moves around the Milky Way. Occasionally, it will cross regions of denser interstellar medium. The impact of these clouds of hydrogen and other materials on the Solar System and our planet is unclear, but it is possible that these encounters led to an ice age.
Previous research published earlier in the year suggested that our Solar System crossed a dense interstellar cloud 2 million years ago, which might have led to an ice age. Follow-up work has now found a second possible example, this time 7 million years ago, but the effects of that encounter might have been more complicated.
“This cloud was indeed in our past, and if we crossed something that massive, we were exposed to the interstellar medium,” co-author and space physicist Merav Opher, from Boston University, said in a statement about the earlier paper.
That is the crux of the event: that the interstellar cloud affected the bubble of plasma created by the Sun, the heliosphere. The new work suggests that the two encounters, first with the edge of the Local Bubble (7 million years ago) and then with the Local Lynx of Cold Cloud (2 million years ago), brought a lot of extra hydrogen into the top of the atmosphere.
This interstellar hydrogen, combined with the oxygen in the atmosphere, would have formed water. The oxygen might have come from ozone causing localized depletion, in some cases of up to 99 percent. And the presence of water in higher abundances at higher altitudes might have created a lot more noctilucent clouds, extremely rare wispy clouds located at around 76 to 85 kilometers (249,000 to 279,000 feet).
These newly formed clouds would not be rare and wispy, but thick – and here comes the crux of the climate question. The interstellar gas might have affected the upper atmosphere, but could it have caused an ice age? The answer is currently uncertain. The presence of noctilucent clouds might have reflected a lot more sunlight, but they could have also trapped more heat from the ground. Other contributing factors, such as cosmic ray increases and other phenomena, might also have meant this did not cause a clear cooling or warming.
The team suggests that more detailed 3D atmospheric modeling could solve the mystery, but it could be that the contribution is not so clear-cut, and it might not be possible to identify evidence in the geological record that Earth and the Solar System did pass through these clouds.
Close encounters of the hydrogen kind might have messed with the ozone layer and the atmosphere.
https://www.iflscience.com/clouds-of-in ... -ago-76113
The Solar System is not stuck in place. It moves around the Milky Way. Occasionally, it will cross regions of denser interstellar medium. The impact of these clouds of hydrogen and other materials on the Solar System and our planet is unclear, but it is possible that these encounters led to an ice age.
Previous research published earlier in the year suggested that our Solar System crossed a dense interstellar cloud 2 million years ago, which might have led to an ice age. Follow-up work has now found a second possible example, this time 7 million years ago, but the effects of that encounter might have been more complicated.
“This cloud was indeed in our past, and if we crossed something that massive, we were exposed to the interstellar medium,” co-author and space physicist Merav Opher, from Boston University, said in a statement about the earlier paper.
That is the crux of the event: that the interstellar cloud affected the bubble of plasma created by the Sun, the heliosphere. The new work suggests that the two encounters, first with the edge of the Local Bubble (7 million years ago) and then with the Local Lynx of Cold Cloud (2 million years ago), brought a lot of extra hydrogen into the top of the atmosphere.
This interstellar hydrogen, combined with the oxygen in the atmosphere, would have formed water. The oxygen might have come from ozone causing localized depletion, in some cases of up to 99 percent. And the presence of water in higher abundances at higher altitudes might have created a lot more noctilucent clouds, extremely rare wispy clouds located at around 76 to 85 kilometers (249,000 to 279,000 feet).
These newly formed clouds would not be rare and wispy, but thick – and here comes the crux of the climate question. The interstellar gas might have affected the upper atmosphere, but could it have caused an ice age? The answer is currently uncertain. The presence of noctilucent clouds might have reflected a lot more sunlight, but they could have also trapped more heat from the ground. Other contributing factors, such as cosmic ray increases and other phenomena, might also have meant this did not cause a clear cooling or warming.
The team suggests that more detailed 3D atmospheric modeling could solve the mystery, but it could be that the contribution is not so clear-cut, and it might not be possible to identify evidence in the geological record that Earth and the Solar System did pass through these clouds.
Najgore je svađati se sa budalom. Prvo te spusti na svoj nivo, a onda te dotuče iskustvom...
Re: Klimatske promene i buducnost...
Jos malo kukanja iz Holandije
https://nos.nl/artikel/2548886-wachtlij ... rd-hollandLista čekanja za struju od deset godina za kompanije u Severnoj Holandiji
Rob Koster
ekonomski reporter
Kompanije u velikim delovima Severne Holandije rizikuju da budu na listi čekanja za (teže) priključenje na električnu mrežu još najmanje deset godina. Mrežni operateri Tennet i Liander objavili su jutros. To znači da se nove kompanije ne mogu povezati, a postojeće kompanije često nisu u stanju da postanu održivije.
Problemi na prenatrpanoj električnoj mreži su sada toliko veliki da se mrežni operateri plaše preopterećenja električne mreže 2026. To znači da postoji veća potražnja nego ponuda za električnom energijom. Ovo može izazvati nestanke struje koji utiču na preduzeća i domaćinstva.
Kako je moguće da je električna mreža tako puna:
Problemi imaju tri uzroka. Proširenje broja kompanija i domova dovodi do veće potrošnje energije. Pored toga, postoje mnoge kompanije koje još uvek koriste gas, ali žele da postanu održivije. To znači da moraju da pređu na struju.
Dalje, domaćinstva sve više koriste struju umesto gasa. To je zbog upotrebe toplotnih pumpi, električnog kuvanja i punjenja električnih automobila.
Spitsmijden
Električna mreža nije uvek zauzeta. Kao i na autoputu, ima tih trenutaka i špica. Zauzeto je ujutru kada se svi bude, kao i na kraju popodneva kada svi dođu kući i uključe sve vrste aparata koji troše struju. Kompanije takođe ne koriste istu količinu električne energije u svako doba dana.
Mrežni operateri stoga pokušavaju da reše problem 'izbegavanja vršnih sati'. Preduzeća i domaćinstva se mole da koriste manje ili nimalo struje u vreme gužve. To znači, na primer, ne puniti električne automobile između 16:00 i 21:00.
Ali poziv kompanijama koje koriste mnogo struje da smisle planove za izbegavanje špica je malo dao.
Ne ispuštaj gas
Tenet poziva kompanije u Severnoj Holandiji da za sada ne isključuju gas. Ovo uključuje plastenike sa kogeneracionim postrojenjima koja takođe redovno pomažu u proizvodnji električne energije na zahtev operatera mreže.
Na primer, kada ti staklenici pređu na korišćenje geotermalne toplote, ova rezerva nestaje i manja je proizvodnja električne energije. Pokrajina i mrežni operateri svesni su društvenih posledica nedostatka kapaciteta na elektroenergetskoj mreži.
Biće izrađen akcioni plan za suzbijanje najtežih posledica zagušenja mreže u pokrajini. Ali za sada se čini da su liste čekanja od deset godina realnost za kompanije u Severnoj Holandiji.
Re: Klimatske promene i buducnost...
Jedan deo Utrehta je pokusao da se skine sa gasa i nisu uspeli. Dali su drzavnoj agenciji da analiziraju neuspeh, i naravno deo glavnog zakljucka je bilo to da ih DRZAVA NIJE NATERALA 
Buducnost nam definitivno nije svetla.....
Buducnost nam definitivno nije svetla.....https://nos.nl/artikel/2565420-rekenkam ... verwachtenNedovoljno opcija
U izveštaju o istrazi, Revizorski sud navodi da opština, koja je bila zadužena za projekat, od samog početka nije imala dovoljno opcija da ostvari svoj cilj. Utreht je zaposlio ljude sa znanjem, ali nije imao mogućnost da zakonski obaveže stanovnike da se isključe sa prirodnog gasa. Pored toga, opština nije imala dovoljno novca da projekat bude uspešan, iako je uspela da dobije subvencije.
Prema Revizorskom sudu, nisu unapred postignuti jasni sporazumi između svih uključenih strana, piše RTV Utreht. „Opština i partneri su odlučili da moraju da se lane na posao, da niko ne zna kako, ali da će to 'snaći' radeći zajedno“, navodi se u izveštaju.
Štaviše, Revizorski sud navodi da opština nije prilagodila planove kada su se okolnosti promenile, na primer kada je donošenje nacionalnog zakonodavstva odloženo. Opština i uključene strane su takođe imale razlike u mišljenjima, ali o njima nije dovoljno ili je bilo reči prekasno.
„Završetak projekta je stoga bio predvidljiv“, zaključuje Revizijski sud. „Iako se na projektu radi već godinama, stanovnici Overveht-Norda još uvek ne znaju kada će morati da se isključe sa prirodnog gasa.“
